安卓中View的事件分发机制

前言

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事件从Activity传递到跟ViewGroup

1.当事件产生后,首先传递到当前的Activity,调用Activity的方法dispatchTouchEvent。
这里可以很清楚的看清Activity的onTouchEvent回调的时机即getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev) 返回false时触发

    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            onUserInteraction();//空方法
        }
        //superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)是抽象方法,调用的是了PhoneWindow
        if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {//1
            return true;
        }

        return onTouchEvent(ev);
    }

2.PhoneWindow里的方法,由上面的1处调用,又传给了mDecor,踢皮球

   @Override
    public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);//2
    }

3.DecorView里的方法,由上面的2处调用,因为 DecorView 继承了FrameLayout,所以传到了ViewGroup的

 public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
    }

ViewGroup相关的方法

1.ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent
如果当前View拦截了某个事件 那么在同一个事件序列中就不会再次被调用

   @Override
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
      ...
        boolean handled = false;
        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
            final int action = ev.getAction();
            final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;

            // 处理DOWN事件
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                //开始新的触摸手势时,放弃所有先前的状态
                cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
                //会把mFirstTouchTarget置为null
                resetTouchState();
            }

            // 检查是否拦截
            final boolean intercepted;
            //当前ViewGroup没有拦截,交由子View处理
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
                //拦截了,执行onInterceptTouchEvent方法
                if (!disallowIntercept) {
                //触发onInterceptTouchEvent,默认false
                    intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                    ev.setAction(action); 
                } else {
                    //这里没有拦截
                    intercepted = false;
                }
            } else {
                如果触发的是ACTION_MOVE 和ACTION_UP,直接走这里
                intercepted = true;
            }
        return handled;
    }

2.ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent方法默认返回false

  public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.isFromSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE)
                && ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                && ev.isButtonPressed(MotionEvent.BUTTON_PRIMARY)
                && isOnScrollbarThumb(ev.getX(), ev.getY())) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

再继续看ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()方法里剩余的代码

 @Override
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
         ...
         final View[] children = mChildren;
         //遍历ViewGroup子元素
         for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
             final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
             childrenCount, i, customOrder);
             final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
                 preorderedList, children, childIndex);
             //判断可访问性焦点    
             if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
                 if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
                     continue;
                 }
                childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
                i = childrenCount - 1;
             }
             //判断是否能接受到点击事件,触摸点是否在子view的范围内或者子view是否在播放动画
             if (!child.canReceivePointerEvents()
                  || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
                 ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                 continue;
             }

             newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
            if (newTouchTarget != null) {
                  newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                  break;
             }

             resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
             //dispatchTransformedTouchEvent方法下面会看一下具体做什么
             if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                 mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
                 if (preorderedList != null) {
                       for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
                            if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
                                  mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
                                  break;
                             }
                            }
                  } else {
                        mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
                  }
                 mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
                 mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
                 newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                 alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                 break;
             }

             ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
             }
            ...
    }

3.ViewGroup的dispatchTransformedTouchEvent

 private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
        final boolean handled;
        final int oldAction = event.getAction();
        if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
            event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            //如果有子view,调用子view的dispatchTouchEvent(event)方法,下面讲
            //否则调用super.dispatchTouchEvent(event)
            if (child == null) {
                handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            } else {
                handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            }
            event.setAction(oldAction);
            return handled;
        }
        ...
    }

view相关的方法

1.View的dispatchTouchEvent(event)
如果mOnTouchListener不为null并且onTouch返回true,则表示事件被消费就不会执行onTouchEvent(event)

这里值得注意的是,OnTouchListener中的onTouch()方法执行优先级高于onTouchEvent(event)的。

 public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        ...
        boolean result = false;
        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
            if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            //如果mOnTouchListener不为null并且onTouch返回true,则表示事件被消费
            if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
                    && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                    && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                result = true;
            }

            if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

2.View的onTouchEvent(event),view的CLICKABLE和LONG_CLICKABLE有一个true,onTouchEvent()就会返回true消耗这个事件。而这两个值可以通过View的setOnClickListener和setOnLongClickListener来设置,也可以通过View的setClickable和setLongClickable设置

public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        ...
        final int action = event.getAction();
        final boolean clickable = ((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
                || (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
                || (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE;
        if (clickable || (viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
            switch (action) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                   ...
                    boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
                    if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
                        boolean focusTaken = false;
                        if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
                            focusTaken = requestFocus();
                        }

                        if (prepressed) {
                            // The button is being released before we actually
                            // showed it as pressed.  Make it show the pressed
                            // state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
                            // the user sees it.
                            setPressed(true, x, y);
                        }

                        if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
                            removeLongPressCallback();
                            if (!focusTaken) {
                                if (mPerformClick == null) {
                                    mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
                                }
                                if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
                                    performClickInternal();//重点在这,该方法里直接调用performClick()
                                }
                            }
                        }
            ...
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

3.View的performClick方法,如果view设置了OnClickListener,onClick()就会执行,整个事件就会被消费。

public boolean performClick() {
        final boolean result;
        final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
        //如果view设置了OnClickListener,onClick()就会执行,整个事件就会被消费。
        if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) {
            playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
            li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
            result = true;
        } else {
            result = false;
        }

        sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);

        notifyEnterOrExitForAutoFillIfNeeded(true);

        return result;
    }

到这里,源码中的事件分发基本算是分析完了。

总结

从前面的事件分发源码的分析,我们可以大体用下面代码表示整个流程

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev){
    boolean result = false;
    if(onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)){
        result = onTouchEvent(ev);
    }else{
        result = child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
    }
    return result;
}

这里onInterceptTouchEvent方法和onTouchEvent方法都在dispatchTouchEvent中调用。
当事件产生后会由Activity的dispatchTouchEvent来处理,传递给了PhoneWindow,再传递给了DecorView,最后传递给了顶层ViewGroup。如果ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent中判断onInterceptTouchEvent是否拦截,如果拦截true,则执行他的onTouchEvent(ev)方法,如果不拦截(默认),交个他的子元素dispatchTouchEvent来处理,一直反复下去。直到view没有子view。就会调用View的dispatchTouchEvent方法,最终调用View的onTouchEvent方法。

总的来说传递过称分为自上而下和自下而上:
自上而下传递规则:拦截为true,不继续向下传递,自己消费,拦截为false,继续向下传递。
自下而上传递规则:onTouchEvent为true时,自己消耗并处理,如果为false,传递上去父view的onTouchEvent处理。

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